How Water Vapour Therapy Shrinks the Prostate — and What the Shrinkage Does Not Tell You

最終更新日: 8月 25, 2026

• ワードプレス
• LinkedIn
• メール

Men ask this constantly, and it is a fair question: if nothing is cut out, how does the prostate get smaller? The answer is a piece of physics, and understanding it also explains why the improvement takes months rather than days.

• タイ・バンコク病院 泌尿器科センター オンライン予約 02-310-3009 bhquro@bdms.co.th
• サミティベート・シラチャ病院(チョンブリ) 088-022-1445

関連する記事： 良性前立腺肥大とは実際にはどのようなものなのか · Rezum: what it does and what to expect · 手術後の患者への指示

Why an enlarged prostate causes trouble

Benign enlargement is usual in men over fifty, and where it obstructs the channel it produces a weak stream, hesitancy, getting up at night and a sense of not emptying. Medication helps many men. It is also the reason many men look for something else — alpha blockers commonly cause dizziness on standing and a change in ejaculation, and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors can affect libido and erections.

An earlier version of this article described erectile dysfunction as the big problem with prostate medication generally. That is too broad: the dominant complaints with alpha blockers are dizziness and ejaculatory change rather than erectile failure, and the two drug classes differ from each other. The point stands that side effects drive men to look for alternatives — it is simply not one uniform side effect.

The physics: why steam and not simply heat

Other minimally invasive treatments conduct heat outward from a probe, which means the tissue nearest the probe gets very hot and the tissue further away gets progressively less. Water vapour behaves differently, and this is the whole idea.

Turning water into steam takes a large amount of energy, and that energy is stored in the vapour rather than raising its temperature further. Injected into the prostate, the vapour disperses through the spaces between cells until it meets cooler tissue, condenses back into water, and releases all of that stored energy at the point where it condenses. The result is even destruction throughout the treated zone rather than a hot centre and a cool edge — and, because the vapour disperses along tissue planes, it stops where those planes stop, which is what spares the structures outside the treated zone.

What happens during the procedure

• The prostate is inspected through a telescope and the number of injections is decided from what is seen — the shape and size of the gland, and whether a middle lobe is obstructing.
• The needle enters roughly a centimetre into the tissue. It is finer than the needle used for a blood donation.
• Each burst of vapour lasts a matter of seconds. The whole procedure takes minutes.
• In the published pivotal study the prostate had reduced in volume by around 29% at six months.

What that percentage does and does not mean

It is a genuine published figure, and it is worth understanding what it measures. Volume reduction is not the same as symptom relief. A gland can shrink usefully while symptoms persist, if the obstruction was in a part not treated or if the bladder itself is the problem. Conversely men often feel better before six months, as swelling settles and the channel opens, long before the full volume change has occurred. Judge the treatment on how you are passing urine, not on a repeat scan.

Recovery — including the difficult part

This is a day-case procedure and men go home the same day. What the earlier version of this article did not say is what the next few weeks feel like.

• A catheter is needed for a few days, because the treated tissue swells before it shrinks.
• The first two to three weeks are commonly worse than before treatment — burning, urgency, frequency, and blood or debris in the urine. This is the expected course, not a sign of failure.
• Clear improvement usually appears by around three months and continues to settle afterwards.

The limitations

• No tissue is obtained. Prostate resection produces a specimen the pathologist examines, and cancers are occasionally found that way. Vapour therapy destroys tissue in place and yields nothing to examine, so anything suspicious — PSA, examination findings, imaging — must be resolved before the procedure rather than after it.
• Gland size determines how strong the evidence is. The trials that established this treatment enrolled prostates of roughly 30 to 80 mL, and that is where the published data is firmest. Treating up to around 120 mL is reasonable in practice, on weaker evidence and by individual judgement. Above that, resection or enucleation is generally the better operation. A larger gland is not automatically excluded — it simply means being treated where the evidence thins out, which is worth knowing before you decide.
• Long-term data is shorter than for resection, which has decades behind it. A minority of men need a further procedure within five years.
• It treats the prostate, not the bladder. Where symptoms come from an overactive or underactive bladder, shrinking the prostate will not fix them — which is why assessment before treatment matters more than the choice of technology.

当日中の受診が必要な症状

タイで緊急の場合は、次の番号に電話してください 1669.

• Complete inability to pass urine with a painful full bladder.
• Fever or shaking chills after the procedure.
• Clots blocking the flow. Lightly blood-stained urine in the early weeks is expected; clots that stop you passing urine are not.
• A catheter that stops draining or falls out early.

Dr. Soarawee introduced Rezum water vapour therapy to Cambodia. More on his 臨床革新と国際的なマイルストーン.

お客様からよくいただくご質問

Q1: How does water vapour shrink the prostate?

Vapour injected into the gland disperses between the cells, meets cooler tissue, and condenses back into water — releasing the large amount of energy that was stored when the water was turned to steam. That released energy kills the cells in the treated zone evenly. The body then reabsorbs the dead tissue over the following weeks and months, and the gland shrinks from within.

Q2: Is it painful?

Not during the procedure, which is done under sedation or anaesthesia and takes minutes. Afterwards is a different matter: burning and urgency for two to three weeks are usual, and men should expect a difficult fortnight rather than immediate relief.

Q3: Who is a good candidate?

Men with bothersome symptoms from benign enlargement who want to protect ejaculation. On size, the trials enrolled prostates of roughly 30 to 80 mL, which is where the evidence is strongest; treating up to around 120 mL is reasonable in practice on weaker evidence and individual judgement, and above that resection or enucleation is usually the better operation. Previous prostate radiotherapy and recurrent urinary infection are reasons for caution. Assessment includes measuring the gland, testing the flow, and confirming that the prostate — rather than the bladder — is the source of the problem.

Q4: Does it affect sexual function?

Preservation of sexual function is its principal advantage: ejaculation is retained in the great majority, whereas most men no longer ejaculate externally after prostate resection, and erectile function is generally unaffected. That is a strong advantage rather than a guarantee — an earlier version of this article stated there was no erectile dysfunction problem at all, which overstated it.

Q5: If my prostate shrinks by about a third, will my symptoms improve by a third?

No — the two do not track each other. Volume reduction is what a scan measures; what matters is the flow and how you feel. Some men improve well before the volume change is complete, and a few see the gland shrink without much symptomatic benefit, usually because the bladder was contributing.

Q6: Can prostate cancer be detected during the procedure?

No. Unlike resection, no tissue is produced for the pathologist. Any concern about cancer — from PSA, examination or imaging — must be investigated and settled before vapour therapy is planned.

診察のご予約について

Dr. Soarawee Weerasopone の診察場所は次のとおりです Bangkok Hospital Headquarters また、チョンブリー県の Samitivej Sriracha Hospital でも次の曜日に診察を行っています 088-022-1445. Bring any previous prostate measurements, flow tests and PSA results.

来院が難しい海外の患者さんを含め、バンコク病院の遠隔診療をご利用いただけます。事前に泌尿器科へ次のメールアドレスまでご連絡のうえ、ご予約ください: bhquro@bdms.co.th。サミティベート・シラチャー病院は対面診療のみです。費用に関するお問い合わせには病院が対応しており、本ウェブサイトでは対応しておりません。

免責事項: 本コンテンツは、Bangkok Hospital Headquarters に勤務する泌尿器科専門医(認定医)の Dr. Soarawee Weerasopone が執筆・監修したもので、教育目的のみを意図しています。個々の方に対する医学的助言、診断、処方ではなく、個人メッセージやソーシャルメディアを通じて助言、診断、処方を行うことはありません。Dr. Soarawee は公開のソーシャルメディアアカウントを運営しておらず、彼の名前で個別相談を提供するアカウントは詐欺です。タイで緊急の場合は、次の番号に電話してください 1669.