এন্ডোস্কোপিক হলমিয়াম লেজারের কিডনি স্টোন সার্জারি

The first reports of endoscopic laser surgery for urinary tract stones were published by German and British researchers in 1988, with an impressive success rate of around 84%. The main limitation at the time was stone retropulsion – the stone being pushed back into the kidney by the laser’s energy before it could be fragmented. […]
