{"id":2285,"date":"2021-02-12T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-12T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/?p=2285"},"modified":"2026-08-30T06:24:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-29T23:24:48","slug":"%e5%b0%bf%e5%a4%b1%e7%a6%81%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e8%88%ac%e6%83%b3%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/zh\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c3f\u5931\u7981\uff1a4\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u533a\u522b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns coblocks-author-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-e269d6e6 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#8C8C971A;padding-top:2.5rem;padding-right:2.5rem;padding-bottom:2.5rem;padding-left:2.5rem\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-rounded\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" data-attachment-id=\"7037\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/zh\/new-photo-2024\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/New-Photo-2024.png?fit=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"800,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-title=\"Dr. Soarawee Weerasopone \u2014 Board-Certified Urologist in Bangkok, Thailand\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Dr. Soarawee Weerasopone \u2014 Board-Certified Urologist in Bangkok, Thailand&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/New-Photo-2024.png?fit=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/New-Photo-2024.png?resize=800%2C800&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Dr. Soarawee Weerasopone \u2014 Board-Certified Urologist in 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onmouseout=\"this.style.transform='scale(1)'\">\n    <svg width=\"28\" height=\"28\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n      <path d=\"M12 0C5.372 0 0 5.372 0 12s5.372 12 12 12 12-5.372 12-12S18.628 0 12 0zM7.369 4.378c.525 0 .947.431.947.947 0 .525-.422.947-.947.947-.525 0-.946-.422-.946-.947 0-.525.421-.947.946-.947zm-.722 3.038h1.444v10.041H6.647V7.416zm3.562 0h3.9c3.712 0 5.344 2.653 5.344 5.025 0 2.578-2.016 5.025-5.325 5.025h-3.919V7.416zm1.444 1.303v7.444h2.297c3.272 0 4.022-2.484 4.022-3.722 0-2.016-1.284-3.722-4.097-3.722h-2.222z\"\/>\n    <\/svg>\n  <\/a>\n  \n  <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=lTgsRMUAAAAJ&#038;hl=en\" \n     target=\"_blank\" \n     rel=\"noopener\"\n     title=\"Google Scholar\"\n     aria-label=\"View Google Scholar Profile\"\n     style=\"text-decoration: none; color: #4285F4; transition: transform 0.2s; display: inline-block;\"\n     onmouseover=\"this.style.transform='scale(1.15)'\"\n     onmouseout=\"this.style.transform='scale(1)'\">\n    <svg width=\"28\" height=\"28\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n      <path d=\"M5.242 13.769L0.5 9.5 12 1l11.5 8.5-4.742 4.269C17.548 11.249 14.978 9.5 12 9.5c-2.977 0-5.548 1.748-6.758 4.269zM12 10a7 7 0 1 0 0 14 7 7 0 0 0 0-14z\"\/>\n    <\/svg>\n  <\/a>\n  \n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\">Urinary incontinence \u2014 the involuntary leaking of urine \u2014 is not a <em>life-threatening<\/em> problem, and that is precisely why so many people put up with it in silence for years. For those living with it the effect on daily life is severe, and it becomes more common with age. It is common enough that most people reading this know someone affected, whether or not that person has ever said so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This article is the overview. <strong>The single most useful thing to understand is that incontinence is not one condition but four<\/strong>, and they are treated in completely different ways \u2014 so working out which type you have is not a formality before treatment, it <em>is<\/em> the first half of the treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How common is it, and why every source gives a different number<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you search this question you will find figures ranging from about 10% to nearly 50%, which is not because anyone is being careless. It is because <strong>the answer depends entirely on what is being counted<\/strong> \u2014 any leakage at all in the past year, leakage at least weekly, or leakage bothersome enough that the person wants something done about it. Those three questions give answers several times apart in the same population. Treat any single headline percentage with that in mind, including the ones below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With that caveat, the figures worth knowing:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Incontinence overall is about two to three times more common in women<\/strong> \u2014 one large population study reported roughly 49% of women against 22.6% of men when any leakage was counted.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>That whole gap comes from the stress type.<\/strong> Stress incontinence ran at about 26% of women against 3% of men in the same study. Urge incontinence was close to equal, around 5.3% of women and 5.0% of men.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Overactive bladder<\/strong>, which overlaps closely with the urge type, affects roughly 12% of adults \u2014 the landmark EPIC study reported 11.8% overall, 12.8% of women and 10.8% of men. Guideline summaries give wider population ranges of about 7\u201327% in men and 9\u201343% in women, again because of differing definitions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Age changes everything.<\/strong> By 65 and over, overactive bladder reaches roughly 40% of men and 46% of women. Among men over 60, the urge type is the commonest form of incontinence there is.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Note, August 2026: an earlier version of this article quoted a worldwide total of 400 million people affected and described incontinence as roughly twice as common in women. The global total could not be traced to a reliable source and has been removed; the sex difference has been replaced with the figures above, which are more useful because they show where the difference actually sits.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK559095\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">causes<\/a> differ between men and women<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risk factors in women<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A history of pregnancy, and the number of childbirths<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diabetes mellitus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Severe obesity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" data-attachment-id=\"2294\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/zh\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/young-pregnant-woman-holds-her-hands-on-her-swollen-belly-love-concept-horizontal-with-copy-space\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Pregnancy.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;3.2&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 7D&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Young pregnant woman holds her hands on her swollen belly. Love concept. Love and maternity concept.&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1482326059&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;160&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.033333333333333&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Young pregnant woman holds her hands on her swollen belly. Love concept. Horizontal with copy space&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"History of pregnancy, especially multiple pregnancies reported more in Urinary incontinence\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;History of pregnancy, especially multiple pregnancies reported more in Urinary incontinence&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Pregnancy.jpg?fit=800%2C534&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Pregnancy.jpg?resize=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Pregnant woman holding her abdomen \u2014 pregnancy and childbirth are major risk factors for urinary incontinence in women\" class=\"wp-image-2294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Pregnancy.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Pregnancy.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Pregnancy.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Pregnancy.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Pregnancy.jpg?resize=16%2C12&amp;ssl=1 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Pregnancy, and especially multiple pregnancies, is strongly associated with urinary incontinence.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" data-attachment-id=\"2293\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/zh\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/obese-woman-drinking-water\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Obesity.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;3.5&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;NIKON D850&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Full length side view portrait of pensive fat woman sitting on mat and drinking water while taking break in workout&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1537334223&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;50&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00625&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Obese Woman Drinking Water&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Obesity plays major role in female incontinence. Loss weight will significantly improve the symptom.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Obesity plays major role in female incontinence. Loss weight will significantly improve the symptom.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Obesity.jpg?fit=800%2C534&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Obesity.jpg?resize=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Measuring tape around the waist \u2014 excess body weight raises intra-abdominal pressure and worsens urinary incontinence\" class=\"wp-image-2293\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Obesity.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Obesity.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Obesity.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Obesity.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Obesity.jpg?resize=16%2C12&amp;ssl=1 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Excess weight plays a major role in female incontinence, and losing weight can meaningfully improve symptoms.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risk factors in men<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In men the picture is dominated by one thing: <strong>a history of prostate surgery<\/strong>, particularly radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer, which can weaken the sphincter that holds urine back. It is worth knowing about in advance rather than discovering it afterwards, because it is a recognised and manageable consequence rather than a sign something went wrong. Where it does not settle with time and pelvic floor training, an <strong>artificial urinary sphincter<\/strong> is the established surgical answer, and Dr. Soarawee performs that operation at Bangkok Hospital Headquarters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second male pattern is age-related urge incontinence from an overactive bladder, which is easy to overlook because men expect incontinence to be a women\u2019s problem and so do not raise it. As the figures above show, that expectation is wrong for this type.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"856\" data-attachment-id=\"2295\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/zh\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/process-of-gynecological-surgery-operation-using-laparoscopic-equipment\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Prostate-surgery.jpg?fit=1200%2C856&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,856\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Zaiets Roman&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Process of gynecological surgery operation using laparoscopic equipment. Group of surgeons in operating room with surgery equipment. Background&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;Zaiets Roman&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Process of gynecological surgery operation using laparoscopic equipment.&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"History of prostate surgery is an important clue for male incontinence.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;History of prostate surgery is an important clue for male incontinence.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Prostate-surgery.jpg?fit=800%2C570&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Prostate-surgery.jpg?resize=800%2C571&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Surgical team in the operating theatre \u2014 previous prostate surgery is the leading cause of urinary incontinence in men\" class=\"wp-image-2295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Prostate-surgery.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Prostate-surgery.jpg?resize=300%2C214&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Prostate-surgery.jpg?resize=1024%2C730&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Prostate-surgery.jpg?resize=768%2C548&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Prostate-surgery.jpg?resize=16%2C12&amp;ssl=1 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A history of prostate surgery is the single most important clue in male incontinence.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The 4 types of urinary incontinence<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <a href=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2021\/04\/16\/stress-incontinence-urinary\/\">Stress incontinence<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Leakage brought on by a rise in intra-abdominal pressure \u2014 coughing, sneezing, laughing, lifting or exercise \u2014 with <strong>no warning urge at all<\/strong>. Overwhelmingly a female condition, at roughly 26% of women against 3% of men, and the reason incontinence as a whole looks like a women\u2019s problem in the statistics. In men it is largely confined to those who have had prostate surgery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <a href=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2021\/04\/23\/urge-incontinence-urine-leaking\/\">Urge incontinence<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Leakage preceded by a sudden, intense need to pass urine that cannot be held long enough to reach the toilet. It becomes steadily more common with age and, unlike the stress type, <strong>affects men and women in roughly equal numbers<\/strong> \u2014 in men over 60 it is the commonest form. It overlaps closely with <a href=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2020\/06\/12\/overactive-bladder-syndrome\/\">overactive bladder syndrome<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"845\" data-attachment-id=\"2292\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/zh\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/a-man-holding-his-penis-with-on-the-white-background-wants-to-go-to-the-toilet\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Male-Incontinence.jpg?fit=1200%2C845&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,845\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;13&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Tetiana Yatsenko&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 5D Mark III&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;A man holding his penis with on the white background. Wants to go to the toilet&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1466615270&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;Yatanni Photography&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;35&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.005&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A man holding his penis with on the white background. Wants to go to the toilet.&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Inability to hold urine is mostly seen in Male incontinence.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Inability to hold urine is mostly seen in Male incontinence.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Male-Incontinence.jpg?fit=800%2C563&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Male-Incontinence.jpg?resize=800%2C563&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Older man hurrying to the toilet \u2014 the sudden, urgent need to urinate that characterises urge incontinence\" class=\"wp-image-2292\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Male-Incontinence.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Male-Incontinence.jpg?resize=300%2C211&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Male-Incontinence.jpg?resize=1024%2C721&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Male-Incontinence.jpg?resize=768%2C541&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Male-Incontinence.jpg?resize=16%2C12&amp;ssl=1 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The inability to hold on until reaching the toilet is the hallmark of urge incontinence.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Mixed incontinence<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Features of both stress and urge at once, and more common in women than in men. This is the type that most often gets treated badly, because a plan aimed at one half can leave the other half untouched or even aggravate it \u2014 which is exactly the situation where a urodynamic study earns its place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Overflow incontinence<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Leakage from a bladder that is chronically over-full and never empties properly. The causes divide into nerve-related \u2014 spinal cord injury, long-standing diabetes, or an <a href=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2021\/12\/03\/female-underactive-bladder\/\">underactive bladder<\/a> \u2014 and obstructive, such as an <a href=\"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2020\/08\/28\/benign-prostate-bph\/\">enlarged prostate<\/a> or a pelvic mass.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This one deserves particular attention, because it is the type where leaking is the <em>least<\/em> of the problem. A bladder that never empties can lead to repeated infections and, if it goes on long enough, to pressure on the kidneys \u2014 so overflow incontinence is worth identifying promptly rather than managing with pads. It is also the reason the overactive-bladder medications are not a safe default: given to someone whose bladder is already failing to empty, they make it worse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When leaking needs same-day attention<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Incontinence itself is a quality-of-life problem, not an emergency. A few things travelling with it are different, and belong in an emergency department the same day rather than in a clinic appointment \u2014 in Thailand the emergency number is <strong>1669<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sudden inability to pass urine at all, with a painful, swollen lower abdomen<\/strong> \u2014 acute retention.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fever or shivering with pain in the flank or lower back<\/strong> alongside urinary symptoms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>New numbness around the genitals or inner thighs, weakness in the legs, or loss of bowel control<\/strong> together with new urinary symptoms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Blood in the urine<\/strong>, with or without pain, needs investigation in its own right and should not be put down to incontinence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Establishing which type you have<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Assessment begins with a careful history and physical examination, which is enough in many cases. Where the symptoms are mixed, or do not respond to treatment as expected, a <strong>urodynamic study<\/strong> measures how the bladder and urethra behave as the bladder fills and empties \u2014 it distinguishes an overactive bladder from a weak sphincter from a bladder that is failing to empty, and it is the test that turns a description of symptoms into a diagnosis. <strong>Dr. Soarawee performs urodynamic studies at Bangkok Hospital Headquarters.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is worth knowing which treatments are provided here and which are not, so that a referral is not a surprise. Assessment, urodynamic study, behavioural therapy, medication and the artificial urinary sphincter are all available at Bangkok Hospital Headquarters. <strong>Bladder botulinum toxin injection, sacral neuromodulation, mid-urethral sling and urethral bulking agents are not performed here<\/strong>, and referral to a centre offering them is arranged where they are the right answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Because this problem affects quality of life so profoundly, it is well worth seeking advice rather than quietly enduring it. <strong>You do not have to organise your day around the nearest toilet.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you are experiencing urinary incontinence and would like a tailored evaluation, Dr. Soarawee Weerasopone offers specialist consultations at Bangkok Hospital Headquarters. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bangkokhospital.com\/en\/bangkok\/doctor\/dr-soarawee-weerasopone-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Book a Consultation<\/a>. Appointments at Samitivej Sriracha Hospital can be arranged by calling the Urology department on <a href=\"tel:0880221445\">088-022-1445<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bangkok Hospital Telemedicine is available for patients who cannot attend in person, including international patients \u2014 arrange it in advance by email to the Urology department at <a href=\"mailto:bhquro@bdms.co.th\">bhquro@bdms.co.th<\/a>. A video consultation is a good way to go through a completed bladder diary, previous surgery and current medications, and to decide what testing is needed; examination and urodynamic study are done in person. Samitivej Sriracha is in-person only. For the cost of any consultation, test or procedure, please contact the Urology department at <a href=\"mailto:bhquro@bdms.co.th\">bhquro@bdms.co.th<\/a> rather than asking here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions about Urinary Incontinence<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is urinary incontinence?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Urinary incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine. It is not a life-threatening condition, but it significantly affects quality of life, and it becomes more common with age in both sexes. Reported prevalence varies several-fold between studies depending on whether any leakage, weekly leakage, or bothersome leakage is being counted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How common is urinary incontinence, and is it more common in women?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Incontinence overall is about two to three times more common in women, with one large population study reporting roughly 49% of women against 22.6% of men when any leakage was counted. That difference comes almost entirely from stress incontinence, at about 26% of women against 3% of men. Urge incontinence is close to equal between the sexes, around 5.3% and 5.0%, and in men over 60 it is the commonest form. Overactive bladder affects roughly 12% of adults overall, rising to about 40% of men and 46% of women aged 65 and over. All of these figures shift considerably with the definition used and the population studied.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the main types of urinary incontinence?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are four main types: stress incontinence (leakage triggered by coughing, sneezing, or exertion), urge incontinence (sudden overwhelming urge with involuntary leakage), mixed incontinence (a combination of stress and urge types), and overflow incontinence (leakage from an overfull bladder, often due to obstruction or nerve problems). The type decides the treatment, so identifying it correctly comes first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What causes urinary incontinence in women?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In women, the main risk factors include a history of pregnancy, the number of childbirths, diabetes mellitus, and severe obesity. Excess weight in particular increases intra-abdominal pressure, which worsens stress-type leakage, and weight loss can significantly improve symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What causes urinary incontinence in men?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In men, the commonest cause of stress-type leakage is a history of prostate surgery, particularly radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer, which can weaken the urinary sphincter. Where it does not settle with time and pelvic floor training, an artificial urinary sphincter is the established surgical treatment and is performed at Bangkok Hospital Headquarters. Separately, urge incontinence from an overactive bladder is common in older men and is the commonest form of incontinence in men over 60.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How is the type of incontinence identified?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A careful history and physical examination identify the type in many cases. Where symptoms are mixed or have not responded to treatment as expected, a urodynamic study measures bladder and urethral behaviour during filling and emptying, distinguishing an overactive bladder from a weak sphincter and from a bladder that fails to empty. This matters because the four types are treated in completely different ways, and because medication for an overactive bladder makes matters worse in someone whose bladder is not emptying.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can urinary incontinence be treated?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yes. Treatment is tailored to the specific type of incontinence. Options include pelvic floor exercises, lifestyle modifications, medications, and surgical procedures. Early consultation with a urologist is important to identify the correct type and design the most effective individualised treatment plan. At Bangkok Hospital Headquarters, assessment, urodynamic study, behavioural therapy, medication and artificial urinary sphincter surgery are provided; bladder botulinum toxin, sacral neuromodulation, mid-urethral sling and urethral bulking agents are not performed there, and referral is arranged where those are appropriate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Disclaimer:<\/strong> This content is written and reviewed by Dr. Soarawee Weerasopone, a board-certified urologist at Bangkok Hospital Headquarters. It is intended for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Prevalence figures are drawn from published population studies and vary considerably with the definition of incontinence used and the population studied. No medical advice, diagnosis or prescription is provided through personal messaging channels or social media. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any medical treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@graph\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"MedicalWebPage\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/#webpage\",\n      \"url\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/\",\n      \"name\": \"Urinary Incontinence: The 4 Types, and Why the Difference Matters\",\n      \"headline\": \"Urinary Incontinence: The 4 Types, and Why the Difference Matters\",\n      \"description\": \"The four types of urinary incontinence, how common each is in men and in women, why the risk factors differ, how a urodynamic study establishes which type is present, and why the type decides the treatment.\",\n      \"datePublished\": \"2021-02-12\",\n      \"dateModified\": \"2026-08-30\",\n      \"lastReviewed\": \"2026-08-30\",\n      \"inLanguage\": \"en\",\n      \"specialty\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\/Urologic\",\n      \"medicalAudience\": { \"@type\": \"MedicalAudience\", \"audienceType\": \"Patient\" },\n      \"isPartOf\": { \"@id\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/#website\" },\n      \"author\": { \"@id\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/#physician\" },\n      \"reviewedBy\": { \"@id\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/#physician\" },\n      \"publisher\": { \"@id\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/#physician\" },\n      \"about\": { \"@id\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/#condition\" },\n      \"disambiguatingDescription\": \"Assessment, urodynamic study, behavioural therapy, medication and artificial urinary sphincter surgery are provided at Bangkok Hospital Headquarters. Bladder botulinum toxin injection, sacral neuromodulation, mid-urethral sling and urethral bulking agents are not performed there; referral is arranged. A previous version of this page cited a worldwide total of 400 million people affected, which could not be traced to a reliable source and has been removed.\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"MedicalCondition\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/#condition\",\n      \"name\": \"Urinary incontinence\",\n      \"epidemiology\": \"Incontinence overall is roughly two to three times more common in women, approximately 49% versus 22.6% in one large population study counting any leakage. The difference is driven almost entirely by stress incontinence, about 26% of women versus 3% of men. Urge incontinence is close to equal between the sexes, approximately 5.3% and 5.0%, and is the commonest form in men over 60. Overactive bladder affects about 11.8% of adults overall (12.8% of women, 10.8% of men), with guideline population ranges of 7-27% in men and 9-43% in women, rising to approximately 40% of men and 46% of women aged 65 and over. Estimates vary several-fold with the definition used and the population studied.\",\n      \"subtype\": [\"Stress urinary incontinence\", \"Urge urinary incontinence\", \"Mixed urinary incontinence\", \"Overflow incontinence\"],\n      \"riskFactor\": [\n        { \"@type\": \"MedicalRiskFactor\", \"name\": \"Increasing age\" },\n        { \"@type\": \"MedicalRiskFactor\", \"name\": \"Pregnancy and number of childbirths\" },\n        { \"@type\": \"MedicalRiskFactor\", \"name\": \"Obesity\" },\n        { \"@type\": \"MedicalRiskFactor\", \"name\": \"Diabetes mellitus\" },\n        { \"@type\": \"MedicalRiskFactor\", \"name\": \"Previous prostate surgery, particularly radical prostatectomy\" }\n      ],\n      \"typicalTest\": [\n        { \"@type\": \"MedicalTest\", \"name\": \"History and physical examination\" },\n        { \"@type\": \"MedicalTest\", \"name\": \"Bladder diary\" },\n        { \"@type\": \"MedicalTest\", \"name\": \"Urodynamic study\" }\n      ],\n      \"signOrSymptom\": { \"@type\": \"MedicalSignOrSymptom\", \"name\": \"Involuntary leakage of urine\" },\n      \"possibleComplication\": \"Overflow incontinence from a bladder that never empties can cause recurrent infection and, if prolonged, pressure on the kidneys. Antimuscarinic medication for an overactive bladder worsens incomplete emptying and is avoided in that situation.\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/#faq\",\n      \"isPartOf\": { \"@id\": \"https:\/\/drsoaraweeurology.com\/2021\/02\/12\/urinary-incontinence-general-idea\/#webpage\" },\n      \"mainEntity\": [\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"What is urinary incontinence?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Urinary incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine. It is not life-threatening but significantly affects quality of life, and becomes more common with age in both sexes. Reported prevalence varies several-fold between studies depending on whether any leakage, weekly leakage, or bothersome leakage is counted.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"How common is urinary incontinence, and is it more common in women?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Incontinence overall is about two to three times more common in women, with one large population study reporting roughly 49% of women against 22.6% of men when any leakage was counted. That difference comes almost entirely from stress incontinence, about 26% of women against 3% of men. Urge incontinence is close to equal between the sexes, around 5.3% and 5.0%, and in men over 60 it is the commonest form. Overactive bladder affects roughly 12% of adults overall, rising to about 40% of men and 46% of women aged 65 and over. All of these figures shift considerably with the definition used and the population studied.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"What are the main types of urinary incontinence?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"There are four main types: stress incontinence triggered by coughing, sneezing or exertion; urge incontinence with a sudden overwhelming urge; mixed incontinence combining stress and urge; and overflow incontinence from an overfull bladder due to obstruction or nerve problems. The type decides the treatment, so identifying it correctly comes first.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"What causes urinary incontinence in men?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"The commonest cause of stress-type leakage in men is a history of prostate surgery, particularly radical prostatectomy, which can weaken the urinary sphincter. Where it does not settle with time and pelvic floor training, an artificial urinary sphincter is the established surgical treatment and is performed at Bangkok Hospital Headquarters. Separately, urge incontinence from an overactive bladder is common in older men and is the commonest form in men over 60.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"When does urinary leakage need same-day medical attention?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Attend an emergency department the same day, or call 1669 in Thailand, for sudden inability to pass urine with a painful swollen lower abdomen; fever or shivering with flank or lower back pain alongside urinary symptoms; or new numbness around the genitals or inner thighs, leg weakness or loss of bowel control together with new urinary symptoms. Blood in the urine needs investigation in its own right and should not be attributed to incontinence.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"Can urinary incontinence be treated?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Yes, and treatment is tailored to the type. Options include pelvic floor exercises, lifestyle modification, medication and surgery. At Bangkok Hospital Headquarters, assessment, urodynamic study, behavioural therapy, medication and artificial urinary sphincter surgery are provided; bladder botulinum toxin, sacral neuromodulation, mid-urethral sling and urethral bulking agents are not performed there, and referral is arranged where those are appropriate.\"\n          }\n        }\n      ]\n    }\n  ]\n}\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e0d\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u5c3f\u6db2\u6e17\u6f0f\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5371\u53ca\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5728\u6f5c\u79fb\u9ed8\u5316\u4e2d\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u2014\u2014\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u3002\u7d22\u62c9\u7ef4\u00b7\u97e6\u62c9\u7d22\u84ec\uff08Soarawee Weerasopone\uff09\u535a\u58eb\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u56db\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5c3f\u5931\u7981\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u4e2d\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u6cbb\u7597\u3002.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":185281453,"featured_media":10118,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"The four types of urinary incontinence \u2014 stress, urge, mixed and overflow \u2014 why the causes differ between men and women, how urodynamic study identifies the type, and why the type decides the treatment. 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